The IELTS test is the International English Language Testing System, which is the world’s most popular English language test. This test has four components that are designed to test various English skills: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking in less than three hours. It intends to reflect how you use English for studies, works and communication in countries abroad.

There are two types of IELTS test: IELTS Academic suitable to those wanting to go abroad for further studies and professional registration and IELTS General Training for those wanting to work and settle abroad.

Components of IELTS

Listening: The person taking the test will listen to four recordings of native English speakers and then write his/her own answers to a series of questions. The first two recordings are based on conversations between two people and a monologue in an everyday social context whereas recordings 3 & 4 consist of a conversation between four people and a monologue on an academic or training context. (The examiners look for the test taker’s ability to understand key ideas, the perspective and outlook of the speakers and the purpose of remarks as well as the test takers ability to follow the evolution of concepts.)

Reading: The test taker will come across three long texts that range from descriptive and factual to the eloquent and interpretative. These paragraphs are taken from books, journals, newspapers and magazines and have been chosen for a non-special audience but are apt for people starting courses at university or looking for professional matriculation.

Writing: The test taker receives topics of common interest which are apt for those entering undergraduate and postgraduate studies or are looking for professional matriculation. This component has two tasks wherein for the first task he/she will be asked to give a description, summary, or explanation in his/her own words for the graph, table, diagram or chart that has been presented. The second task asks the test taker to write an essay as a response to a viewpoint, argument or problem. Use of a vast range of vocabulary is very useful and the responses to both the tests are required to be in a formal style.

Speaking: The spoken English of the candidate is analysed during the Speaking element of the IELTS test. Each test is recorded. During the first section of the test the examiner will ask the test taker general questions about themselves and a range of familiar subjects such as family, home, word, studies and interests which lasts for about 4-5 minutes. In Section 2 the test taker will be given a card which asks them to talk about a specific topic. 1 minute will be given to prepare a speech which will be narrated for up to 2 minutes followed by a couple of questions on it. Extensive use of vocabulary is suggested for the speech to get good band scores. The test taker will further be asked more questions in Section 3 about the topic in Section 2. In this way the candidate will get the chance to converse more about concepts and issues for around 4-5 minutes.
The IELTS test results are known as the Test Report Form which provides an Overall Band Score and band scores for each of the four elements of the IELTS test: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking.

IELTS scores the test in bands from 1 to 9 (‘non-user’ to ‘expert’). It is possible to score in whole or half bands, for example: 7.5; 8.5. One can score in half bands or whole bands on any section of the test but the final score is the average of the scores in all four components: Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking.

Often a question arises as to “What is a good IELTS score?” or “What is an acceptable IELTS score?”

The IELTS test has been adopted by 140 countries and over 10,000 institutions and organisations to depict whether the candidates English is ‘good enough’ of eligibility – immigration, admissions and hiring. If a candidate is taking an IELTS test as an international student, the institution as well as the government may have a say about what is an acceptable score for admission. If a candidate takes an IELTS test for immigration, that will rely on the sort of visa, for example: work, business, for students or for investors.

According to the British Council if you score a 9 on the test, you’re an ‘expert’ in English; if you score an 8, you’re ‘very good’ at English and so forth.

The score requirements of universities vary as they may ask for different IELTS scores, for example:

• • Oxford University: requires an overall score of 7.0 with at least 7.0 in each of the four components.
  • Cambridge University: requires an overall score of 7.5 for undergraduates, with 7.0 or above in each element. Graduate level students are asked for scores based on their courses.
  • Band Scores based on each component
    The candidate can get a score between 1 and 9 for each section. Half scores such as 6.5 are possible. Most universities demand an IELTS score of 6 or 7. They may set minimum score that is required in each of the four sections.
  • Listening
    The IELTS Listening test consists of 40 questions. Each correct answer is given one mark. Scores out of 40 are converted to the IELTS nine-band scale. The scores are reported in a whole number or half bands.
  • Writing
    The examiners use an assessment criteria in order to give a band score for each of the four norms:

1. Achievement of Task (for Task 1); Response for Task (for Task 2)

2. Cohesion and Coherence

3. Lexical Resource

4. Grammatical Scope and Preciseness

The score on the task is the average as the four norms are weighted equally.

• Speaking
  The examiners use an assessment criteria in order to give a band score for each of the four norms:

1. Fluency and Coherence

2. Lexical Resource

3. Grammatical Scope and Preciseness

4. Pronunciation

The score on the task is the average as the four norms are weighted equally.

• Overall Band Score
  The Overall Band Score is the average of the four element scores, estimated to the nearest whole or half band. The element scores are weighted equally.
  For example:

You can also maximise your scores by joining IELTS classes. There are IELTS online classes too that offer IELTS online courses. With resourceful online learning materials and rigorous training, you will be able to crack the IELTS test.

If you are looking for expert assistance on preparing for the IELTS, connect with our experts.

What is OPT?

Optional Practical Training (OPT) is a provision offered by US government, which is equivalent to a temporary work permit, which enables international students to undergo training by working in the industry to gain experience in hands-on application of the concepts they learn in an academic setting. An international student pursuing studies in the US on an F-1 visa is eligible for the OPT. The OPT work authorization is granted by the USCIS (the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services). Under the OPT, eligible students are permitted to work in the industry for a 12-month period, which can be extended by 24 months for students enrolled in a program that is classified as STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics). During the OPT period, the student is allowed a maximum of 90 days when he can stay unemployed while hunting for a job role in an area related to his field of study. If the student fails to secure employment during this window, he or she will have to leave the US.

The working of OPT is divided into two parts:

1. Full time– The student is permitted to work 40 hours or more a week

2. Part time– The student is permitted to work 20 hours or less a week

OPT itself is divided into two parts:

1. Pre-completion – Students can work along with pursuing their studies before or after classes or during weekends.

2. Post-completion– After completing their degree, students can secure employment that requires a minimum of 20 hours per week during their OPT period.

Few students choose to work part-time while still in their program and later work full-time during the vacation. A student has the liberty to decide whether he wants to work only after the program concludes or during and after it. The University that they are enrolled in recommends them the start and end date of the OPT. The students need to furnish information about the completion of graduation within the specified time-frame. Once the I-20 form is received, filled, and submitted, students then have to submit the I-765 form. The application approval might take time (approximately 3-4 months since there is a long wait time. While the petition is under process, the student may continue to work for a maximum of 180 days even after the EAD and OPT period expires. While applying for jobs under OPT, it is not mandatory to mention the job position or have a job offer in hand while making the application. For the benefit of the student, the employer needs to be in contact to prevent the student from being unemployed for more than 90 days.

Constraints to be followed:

➤The start date should be at least one day after and a maximum of 60 days before

➤The total duration of 12 months of the OPT can be used by taking the breaks

The above criteria for OPT require students to be in constant connect with their employers regarding their start date. It is advisable to pick a start date by which the EAD is expected to be received, while also ensuring that the unemployment duration is not more than 90 days. If one has plans to continue higher studies, then it is advisable to not exhaust the entire OPT period. Although breaks are allowed, it is advisable to work in continuity. Traveling outside the US during the OPT period is strictly prohibited, and students can work with any employer in the US as long as the job relates to their field of study.

After completing the degree, the students are provided a grace period of 60 days to obtain a job where they could work as part of the OPT. Applications to extend OPT have to submitted before the OPT completion date. If the Student’s OPT duration is exhausted, the student will not be permitted to work even if he has the grace period. The student can begin working when the student receives EAD which states that their employment under OPT has been approved.

Permitted Activities:

The job undertaken during the OPT has to necessarily be related to the program of the student had enrolled for. The government needs to be presented with the legal paperwork.

For a job to be permitted for work under OPT, students have to secure a position that requires them to work for at least 20 hours a week, to a maximum of 40 hours a week if international students incept their own business. A student may also switch jobs if he gets a better opportunity as long as the new job role also fits in the OPT criteria of the relevance of job role to the field of study and minimum and maximum working hours. Also, a student may be permitted to work more than one job simultaneously, and also work in unpaid internships, for-profit and non-profit jobs, as long as the jobs meet the OPT criteria mentioned above.

Once the work duration ends, students may avail of an extension of employment on the H1B visa or through the STEM extension. Also, if the student does not want to continue in the OPT, he may apply for cancellation of the same. When the OPT work authorization for a foreign student expires, and if the student has not managed to obtain the H1B visa, it becomes mandatory for him to leave the US.

The specific degrees that qualify for the extension are:

• Actuarial Sciences

• Computer Science Applications

• Engineering

• Engineering Technologies

• Life Sciences

• Mathematics

• Military Technologies

• Physical Sciences

Other common fields with specialty occupations include architecture, social sciences, medicine and health, education, business specialties, accounting, law, theology, and the arts.

What is CPT?

Curricular Practical Training (CPT) is the temporary employment authorization for foreign students enrolled in a college-level degree program in the US on an F-1 non-immigrant visa. The CPT provision allows F-1 international students to work in paid off-campus academic internships during their ongoing degree program to learn the application of conceptual knowledge gained during the program. To be eligible to apply for CPT, the duration of stay in USA must be of 9 months.

CPT work authorization for F1 visa Candidates:

CPT is work authorization as mentioned before for working in a job directly related to the student’s degree major and is an integral part of a student’s academic program, which also includes curricular credits.

Unlike the OPT, CPT needs to be completed before graduation, although similar to the OPT, it can be carried out part-time or full-time. Students appear for part-time CPT during their classes while in vacations, they may take up the full-time CPT. Working less than 20 hours a week comes under the part-time, while working for more than 20 and up to 40 hours a week forms the full-time.

Practical Training offers an avenue to sharpen the skill to apply classroom concepts by exploring their application in an industry environment. Before starting the CPT, it needs to be authorized by the DESGINATION SCHOOL OFFICE during the first semester itself. The mandatory requirement for getting the CPT approved is a letter from the employer where the student has applied to and agreed to work with.

The maximum duration of the CPT is 12 months. If the student has utilized his entire 12-month CPT duration, he/she becomes ineligible for the OPT, but if he has only undertaken part-time CPT or has not completed his 12-month CPT, he might be eligible to apply for OPT jobs. Students pursuing MBA should not have worked for more than 9 months during CPT to be eligible for 11 months of OPT.

The benefit of Curricular Practical Training is students can obtain an exemption on one of their courses if they take up the CPT as it is similar to an academic course which adds credits to student’s grades. Those who take up the thesis option however are not eligible for the CPT work authorization. Accumulation of full-time CPT would lead the student to be blacklisted from the OPT program.

The limitation with the CPT is that student’s applying for the program cannot work with any kind of employer, only those who support the Student and Exchange Visitor Information System (SEVIS) and I-20 list. CPT is employer-specific, and you need to apply for a new CPT authorization before you work in a new job. CPT can be paid or unpaid and if it is a paid one, the student must have his Social Security Number for receiving the payments. The student’s earnings are subject to federal, state and local taxes as applicable, and employers are required to deduct those taxes from your paychecks.

Students do not receive the EAD for the CPT as the I-20 form contains within itself the eligibility proof. The I-20 form is used in complement with the I-94 card for employment formality completion.

Eligibility Criteria:

A DSO can authorize the CPT for an F1 student who is enrolled at a SEVP-certified college, University, conservatory, or seminary. In order to be eligible for CPT, a student must:

• Be lawfully enrolled on full-time for one academic year (i.e. two full consecutive terms) unless the academic program requires immediate participation for all students.

Note: An exception exists for students in such graduate studies programs where earlier training is part of the program

• Be on a lawful F-1 Visa

• Not be enrolled in an intensive English language training program

• Not be studying English as a second language.

• Have secured a job or training position.

• Have a job must be related to student’s major

• Obtain CPT authorization BEFORE beginning employment

CPT Process Overview

Step 1: Student requests CPT using the schools established processes

Step 2: DSO reviews request and determines student’s eligibility for CPT

Step 3: DSO authorizes CPT in SEVIS for a specific employer

Step 4: Student prints and signs Form I-20 with CPT authorization

Step 5: Student begins work on or after the CPT starting date.

Limits of CPT

• The CPT option is not available once a student completes the degree

• Engaging in 12 months of full-time CPT will eliminate the OPT option at the same degree level

• The student cannot begin working before the start date.

• All work must be completed by the CPT end date.

Types of CPT:

Part-time CPT: Employment for less than or equal to 20 hours per week is considered part-time. The student must be simultaneously enrolled for classes full-time and be physically present on campus so as to maintain lawful F-1 status during the fall and winter terms.

Full-time CPT: Employment for 20 hours+ per week is considered full-time. Availing of the CPT for 12 months or more will eliminate your eligibility for OPT. During the fall and winter terms, a student should be enrolled full-time or have an approved RCL (Reduced Course Load).

Major points that can enable a student to be eligible for undertaking the CPT are:

➤ Holder of F-1 visa

➤ Compulsory enrolment at a University

➤ CPT is for the majors

➤ The credits are added to the degree

There are two variations in the CPT:

➤ Non required for academic- the practical work experience is for credit and directly related to your field of study.

➤ Required for academic- non-academic program mandates practical work experience in the field of study to graduate.

Difference between OPT and CPT?

Many students get confused between the meaning of the terms OPT and CPT, and this part of the article will attempt to resolve the confusion.

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FAQs

Do I have to be registered while on CPT?

You should maintain F-1 student status, which requires full-time registration. While most students do need to register as full-time students during CPT, in some cases, graduate students are considered as full-time students with lesser than 10 credits while on full-time CPT. This includes students who are registered for Engineering Co-op credits, and students registered for thesis or dissertation credits, along with their CPT-related credit.

Does CPT usage affect OPT eligibility?

You can use up as much CPT as is required for completing your degree program. However, in case you end up using a total of 12 months or more of full-time CPT, you would not be eligible for OPT. Engaging in part-time CPT does not affect OPT in any way.

Do I need to have a job to apply for CPT?

Yes, you need to have an employment offer to apply for CPT since the authorization employer-specific.

Can I change the number of hours I work?

Yes, you may change the number of hours, though you can only do so within the limits of part-time or full-time. For example, you may change from 12 hours per week to 18 hours per week without needing a new authorization. However, in case you change from part-time to full-time or vice versa, you must request a new authorization.

Can I change employers?

Since CPT authorization is specific to employer, you will have to apply for a fresh CPT authorization before working for the new employer.

Do I need a Social Security number?

Yes, you will need to obtain your Social Security number to be able to receive payment from your employer.

Will I be required to pay Social Security and other taxes?

Normally, as a F-1 student, you would be exempt from Social Security (FICA) taxes for your first five years in the U.S. so long as you continue to declare non-resident status for tax purposes.

Unless you qualify for tax exemption under a tax treaty between the U.S. and the government of your home country, your earnings will be subject to applicable federal, state and local taxes. Employers are required to withhold those taxes (i.e. deduct tax at source) from your paychecks. For more information on taxes, you can consult the Internal Revenue Service.

Will I receive an Employment Authorization Document (EAD)?

No. The CPT authorization on page 2 of your I-20 serves as proof of employment eligibility, which along with your I-94 record may be used to complete the Employment Eligibility Verification Form I-9 as required by the employer. In case your employer has questions about the documentation required for I-9 purposes, you may refer them to the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services’ “I-9 Central” page, including the section about international students with training authorization.

Is it better to go for the CPT before the OPT or to go directly for CPT?

There are two situations that can happen.

a) Study, CPT, study, graduate, OPT

b) Study, CPT, graduate, OPT

c) Study, graduate, OPT

In the first case, you study for a semester or two, do an internship, come back for another semester, graduate and start your OPT.

In the second case, you do three or more semesters, then go for internship, graduate with the internship semester and then start your OPT.

Case (a) is ideal, since that will help you to pay for your last semester of tuition.

Case (b) is also good. It basically depends, if you have fulfilled all your credits and have a full time job, you would opt for OPT, but in case you have a 3 or less credits remaining for your final semester and have an internship at hand, then you can take the internship in your graduating semester. Sometimes it may also happen that you have all the credits you need for graduating but don’t have a job instead you have an internship. You can push your graduation a semester forward, take up the internship and then graduate a semester later.

Case (c) is when you study for a couple of semesters, don’t get an internship, finish your credits and get a job before graduating and go on OPT. (As explained in Case (b))

Preparing to study overseas is not only exciting, but daunting as well. A lot of things need to be considered, and elaborate preparations needs to be done before you embark on your journey to study abroad. However, the following pre-departure tips will make your preparation organized and stress-free:

Important documents:

• You must check the expiry date of your passport and renew it, if necessary. Also, it is advisable to carry a photo copy of the passport with you.
• Ensure that your visa is ready and maintain a photocopy of your visa as well.
• You must carry with you the details of your travel insurance along with its photo copy.
• You must carry your driver’s license or any other valid documents that will help to identify you since these documents may be required to prove your identity.

University-related documents:

• Certain universities provide ID cards before the date of joining. In such a case you must get hold of it as it is really important.
• You must read the joining instructions of the university carefully as it may contain some important instructions and list of documents that need to be furnished.
• Ensure that you have the university admit card which specifies the joining date, student roll number, and other such related information
• It is advisable to maintain hard copies of fees receipt and other pay slips.
  You must take photo copies of all your academic certificates along with you.

Health and safety:

• Ensure that you have taken all the necessary vaccinations. You must get a vaccination certificate and carry it with you, along with the photo copy of the same.
• Remember to carry your medicines if you have been asked to do so by your doctor.
• You must carry your medical history along with you as this will prove to be extremely beneficial in case you need to visit a doctor abroad. Carry the prescriptions and other medical test results if any. Also, it is advisable to carry your blood group id with you.
• It is recommended to take health insurance policies, and if you have a policy, then you must carry its details along with you.

Finance:

• As soon as you are accepted into a study abroad program, you should monitor the exchange rate applicable to the currency of your host country since exchange rates fluctuate daily and this can greatly impact your budget.
• You must carry your credit card and an ATM card with you while you travel. A credit card can be used in case of emergencies when cash is not readily available. An ATM card is handy since it is one of the most convenient ways to access cash and most locations do have ATMs.
• Avoid carrying large amount of cash with you. Another option for making payments is to use travellers’ cheques.
• You may want to keep some local currency with you prior to your arrival as it will allow you some flexibility. You will not need to find an ATM or bank immediately.

Other Documents:

• You must keep a copy of the rent agreement and other valid documents with you.
• You must carry copies of passport size photographs as you may need the same for legal and admission procedures.
• Keep at hand your housing information such as the address, phone number, map etc.

Luggage:

• You must keep the details of personal and baggage insurance policies with you.
• Weigh your bags to ensure that its weight is within the prescribed limit since you will not be allowed to carry luggage that weighs more than a specified weight.
• You must remember to label your luggage with your contact details such as your name, address and phone number.
• Ensure that you have the right clothes which are suitable keeping in mind the various seasons in the foreign country.
• Remember to pack all the essential items like- Basic toiletries, electronics such as laptops, mobile chargers, converters and adapters, comfortable shoes, reading materials and notebooks for class.

Communication:

• You must check with your cell phone provider if your cell phone can work overseas.
• You can also buy a local pay-as-you-go cell phone upon arrival, or you can simply purchase a local SIM card.
• You can use Skype, Facebook, and Gmail for communication as they will enable you to have a video chat with your family and friends.

All about Education Loans | Tips, Guidelines & Resources

Increasing career benefits of a foreign education coupled with an enriching global exposure have increased the number of students who aspire to pursue their higher education abroad. In spite of a plethora of advantages of studying abroad, the exorbitant expenses involved discourage students from following their dreams. Although many scholarships and financial aid options are available, all students do not become eligible for them. As a result, education loans become significant to the study abroad plan for the student. Education loans for studying abroad are provided by almost all the major banks in India, but parents and students are apprehensive about the complicated and cumbersome loan application procedure. With easy repayment options and reasonable interest rates, securing funding for study abroad plans has become much simpler than what is perceived. Below are a few tips to obtain student loans.

1. Be proactive

While you are anxiously awaiting the offer letter from your dream University, start applying for an education loans. For this, you must research the available loan options thoroughly. Make use of this period effectively to study the various loan options. Being proactive will give you sufficient time to properly weigh all your option before you choose the most suitable loan scheme.

2. Compare Interest Rates

As you research on loans from leading banks, you will find that they offer loans with varying rates of interest. Compare the student loans that are on offer and make a thorough comparison. State-run banks normally have lower interest rates as compared to private ones. The current interest rates usually fall between 11% to 14%; however most of these are offered on a floating rate basis. This means you should be prepared to face an increase or decrease in interest rates later depending on market conditions. With respect to security requirements for the loan-

(a) Loan up to Rs. 4 lakh- No collateral security is needed, parents are the joint borrower.

(b) Loan amount between Rs.4 to 7.5 lakhs- along with parents as joint borrowers, collateral security in the form of a third party guarantee must be given.

(c) Loan amount above Rs.7.5 lakhs- Parents must be joint borrowers plus tangible collateral security of suitable value is required.

3. Apply to more than one bank

Do not depend on just one bank for your loan. It is advisable to apply to multiple banks, in case your loan application gets rejected by one.

4. Eligibility criteria

a. The applicant should be an Indian citizen

b. The applicant has secured admission to a professional or technical course through an Entrance Test or Selection process

c. Secured admission to foreign university/ Institution

d. Banks generally offer education loans for long-term programs by prestigious institutions. Short-term ones (such as English language programs) are usually not covered. For those planning to study vocational courses, education loans do not cover these either. MBA, an engineering graduate, and medical students are among the top choices for banks. Banks usually do not provide loans to students with a bachelor’s or masters in Arts. Also, for courses where employment prospects are less (as per Bank’s evaluation), loans are sanctioned by considering the parents’ income.

5. Cosigner

When a loan amount exceeds Rs 5 lakhs, you must indicate who your cosigner is. A cosigner (usually parent) is a person who must sign the loan agreement with you, will be responsible for your debt and agrees to pay your debt, in case you fail to repay the loan.

6. Prepare Application Checklist

Contact the bank and obtain a checklist from them in advance to have all documents and papers ready for the loan application. You must find out if the University has any tie-ups with banks for education loans as it could expedite the loan process.

The Application Check List should comprise of-

a. Identity Proof- driving license, passport, pan card, voter identity card, and Aadhar Card.

b. Address Proof- Passport, Bank account statement, Ration card, Aadhar card, Voter’s ID Card and Telephone bill/ water bill/ electricity bill

c. Signature Proof- The banker’s signature verification, Driving license, PAN card, and Passport copy.

7. Loan Amount

For an overseas study, loan worth Rs 7 lakhs and above are approved against fixed deposits or property worth the loan amount, NSC certificates and a margin of 15 percent (means you get 15 percent less than the amount sanctioned as a loan). Also, if a loan below Rs 4 lakhs comes at a particular interest rate, the loan over Rs 4 lakhs is usually charged at one percent higher. This is a general overview but for more specifics and schemes on the amount, the rate of interest and repayment options, you must check the individual bank websites.

8. Documents required for applying for a Student Loan

1) Mark sheet of the last examination for school and graduate studies in India

2) Proof of admission to the course

3) Schedule of expenses for the course

4) Copies of the letter confirming scholarship, etc.

5) Copies of foreign exchange permit, if applicable

6) 2 passport size photographs

7) Bank account statement of the borrower for the last six months

8) Income tax assessment orders not more than two years old

9) A brief statement of the assets and liabilities of the borrower (usually the parent or guardian) and proof of income.

10) In case you are not an existing client of the bank from which you wish to avail the loan, you will also need to establish your identity and give proof of residence.

9. What the education loans usually covers

Education loans usually cover tuition fees, books and any other supplies, room and board fees, transportation costs, health insurance, as well as other living and education loans related expenses. The bank usually does not hand over the money to you, but will credit it to the University’s account at the start of each year or semester as required.

10. Read the Fine Print

Take time to go through the loan agreement’s fine print before you sign it. You should check for the interest rate structure, the pre-payment details, and any options to extend loan repayment in case of unemployment after graduation. Understand the entire loan disbursement process, its various clauses and clear any questions that you have with the bank officials.

A list of banks that provide education loans for study abroad in India

1. State Bank of India

2. Allahabad Bank

3. Axis Bank

4. HDFC Bank

5. Credila (a non-banking finance company, subsidiary of HDFC Ltd. exclusively focused on education loans.)

6. Punjab National Bank (PNB)

7. IDBI Bank

8. HSBC India

9. Indian Overseas Bank (IOB)

10. Avanse Financial Services

11. Syndicate Bank

12. Canara Bank

Thus, by preparing for an education loan application well in advance, gaining a clear understanding of the moratorium period and repayment options and conducting an extensive research about the various loan schemes available, you will ensure that the loan application process is smooth and you will be that much closer to fulfill your dream of studying at a prestigious university abroad.

Sample LOR for Mechanical Engineering (Columbia University)

Pursuing MS in abroad is an aspiration of many. In order to secure admission for MS in USA, an exceptional LOR is required.

Here’s a letter of recommendation by a professor for a student who got into Columbia University for MS in Mechanical Engineering.

I am pleased to recommend _____ for the Masters Program in your university. I have known _____ for the past three years teaching him courses in Applied Thermodynamics (Semester 3), Thermal Engineering (Semester 4) and Fluid Mechanics (Semester 5). I have also supervised his laboratory work for these subjects. During this time I have had interactions with _____ on an academic and personal level. What struck me instantly was his commitment to his work and his desire to achieve excellence in whatever he undertakes.

In all my classes, _____ has been an active participant in classroom discussions and has excelled in all the subjects that I have taught him, constantly securing above 65 percent. He has always submitted his assignments and project reports well before deadlines and he is well focused with a keen interest in the practical application of

the subject. His habit of relating everything taught in class with the everyday applications has strengthened his base. Hence, his knowledge of the subjects of Applied thermodynamics, Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics is extremely thorough.

Other than the stipulated work in class, _____ has taken up several other initiatives and excelled in them. He is currently working on a project for the testing and enhancement of an earth air tunnel installed in our college campus. Along with two of his classmates, he is doing the necessary study required to make the project a success. They are successfully working towards achieving a system which is entirely electricity-free and is also eco-friendly. His work on this project highlights his thorough knowledge in the subjects of fluid mechanics, heat-mass transfer etc.

Doing well academically has not limited his involvement in other sectors. He has successfully been part of the student council as the cultural secretary of the college and has represented college and organized events and festivals exceptionally well. He is also an excellent sportsman representing the college in sports like Cricket and Volleyball.

I believe that _____’s strong hold on the subjects of fluid mechanics, thermodynamics and heat-mass transfer will hold him well in his stride. He has spoken to me in detail about his plans to pursue an MS in Mechanical Engineering with a Concentration in Energy Systems and I believe he has the required knowledge and skill set to excel in this course. Also his well-rounded personality as a result of the variety of his experiences as the cultural secretary of the college will make him an asset to your organization. He will do well in this course and will blend well into the new environment. Hence, I strongly recommend him for admission into your university.

Regards,
Mr. _____________
Senior Professor
College Name

For more clarity related to letters of recommendation and other queries on studying abroad,  connect 1-1 with our expert counsellors today!

First Draft

As an aspiring entrepreneur in this industry, I began my practical business experience through an internship at Manak Jewellers Pvt Ltd. This manufacturing company manufactures Cubic Zirconia (CZ) jewelry in India. Here, as an Assistant Manager, I oversaw improving the operational efficiency and productivity of the company while ensuring that the products were tracked as per delivery schedules. Also, I interacted with clients to understand their experience with the product, service, and design needs and preferences. This valuable experience has impelled me to further my formal erudition.

My successful internship at Manak Jewellers helped me get employment at Raj Jewellers, a jewelry manufacturing company that designs, develops, and manufactures CZ jewelry in India. My responsibilities here centered on creating a different style of jewelry that no one in India had ever done in CZ jewelry before. Creation of designs, developing the CAD and CAM with the Master of It, working with an expert whether the designs selected are feasible or not. I led a team of 5 people for this whole project. Quality check of the product at every stage. I had to maintain an account of all the gold loss and issue receipts. After making a decent number of designs in every category, I focused on this product’s market. I also decided on the marketing strategies, price strategies, and promotion. I came up with an idea to give a certificate of authenticity with each product to make the brand known in the market. This all helped me market the product easily as I knew and was there at each process step. I got the best Employee award for three months.

I’m keener than ever to pursue a master’s in _______________________________. After graduation, I wish to start my own Streetwear fashion brand. This not only includes clothing but jewelry also. I’ve always been fascinated by the designs of some of the biggest streetwear brands. The level of determination and hard work I put towards a set goal and the knowledge that I’ll be picking up from the course will help me a lot towards this vision. This can be an addition to the family business that I already have back home.

During my undergrad education I explored topics like Marketing strategies and Management, Principal of management, Human Resource Management, Business Communications, and Business research methods gave me a deep insight into the models and strategies of Marketing. Due to my interest in management, I took up courses like Social Media Marketing by Ogilvy on 42courses and Instagram, Facebook, and Snapchat marketing by Digital Marketing Institute on Coursera, these courses broadened my knowledge on key marketing concepts. I even took part in a marketing event called Synchrony in Singapore, where we had to present a start-up idea and describe how we would be marketing it. Additionally, I also attended a seminar by TiE Masterclass on digital marketing, which gave me insights on Consumer marketing & driving engagement, Personalized marketing, and creating memorable content. There was also a seminar on Marketing by Debbie Stanford, CEO of NOVO cinemas based in Dubai.

My undergrad project was ‘Stranger sports’ that was the one in Singapore during my BBA. The objective of this project was to bring strangers out of their house who had to cancel their plans of playing because of not having enough players or a friend to play with. My key responsibilities were Marketing and Finance, like the total cost of the project, finding sponsors, using the money and giving weightage to the spending, how and where to market the app, and what’s the target audience. I didn’t know anything about making an app, so this was a very difficult process that we had to go through. We were way behind schedule; there was a lack of guidelines and accountability. We started working on the solutions to our problems by making weekly goals and making a clear path for the whole team. Updates were taken every day. All responsibilities and communications were made effective by discussing any problems or unclear objectives or goals.

I worked on ‘Gender Diversity and its Impact on the Growth of Organizations’ that aimed to identify how gender diversity can improve organizational effectiveness. To recognize the aspects that hinder women’s advancement to top-level management. We used different data analysis methods for testing our research, out of which was Spearman Correlation. This analysis was difficult for us as it was our first time using it, and due to the content and data we had, it was difficult to get proper results from this method. Being in Dubai, it’s a very sensitive topic to talk about, so we could not get enough interviews of women who were willing to talk about it. Somehow, we managed to get an interview with the CEO of Novo Cinemas. We presented our project well in front of our professors; among our group, we had great communication skills; being the leader of this project, I was able to keep everything in order.

I’ve represented my university in a couple of inter-university tournaments. I have organized many Intra college tournaments for various sports as the Sports Head and Football captain for the university SP Jain School of Global Management in 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. I was also a part of the organizing committee for the Techstars Start-up event in Dubai; my responsibilities were to find sponsors and participants. Participated in ‘Synchrony’ Singapore, a marketing event wherein I pitched a start-up idea and how to market it and was a member of the Model UN team in Singapore for 2018. Volunteered at Saraswati Laxmichandji Trust to construct a school building for underprivileged kids; my key responsibilities here were to be updated on the work being done and oversee the development and execution of project deliverables.

I believe it is the right time for me to pursue my graduate studies in MS ____Management_________ from _PACE_________ university. The courses, including ___________, __________ and ___________ will help prepare me for a career ahead. Prof. ___________’s research in ___________ has impressed me deeply, and I seek an opportunity to contribute to it, as it aligns with my long-term career objectives. Being part of _________ and ________ committees, and participating in diverse extracurricular activities, will allow me to develop a full personality.

Final Draft

De Beers’ enchanting tagline ‘A diamond is forever’ always struck a chord with me. For an aspiring marketer and entrepreneur De Beers satiates two of my deep-seated interests: jewellery and marketing. I am fascinated by its creative and elegant product line along with the befitting annual promotions. My journey as an entrepreneur in the industry began through an internship at Manak Jewellers Pvt Ltd- manufacturers of Cubic Zirconia (CZ) jewellery in India. Here, as an Assistant Manager, I contributed towards improving the operational efficiency and productivity of the company while ensuring that the products were procured, tracked and delivered as per order requisition and delivery schedule. Also, I proactively interacted with clients to get a first-hand understanding of their experience with the product, service, and design needs and preferences. The valuable exposure helped me in understanding product line and consumer behaviour and the associated managerial activities in running a business. In order to develop the managerial expertise and marketing acumen for the entrepreneurial journey that lies ahead, I seek to pursue MS in ___________________.

My successful internship at Manak Jewellers helped me gain employment at Raj Jewellers, a jewellery manufacturing company that designs, develops, and manufactures CZ jewelery in India. My responsibilities here included working on bespoke jewellery design unique to the existing product line at CZ jewelry. Creating design using CAD and CAM, interacting with experts on design selection and feasibility and conducting quality checks are some of the crucial activities that I managed with suitable assistance from a five member team. Most importantly I learned about inventory reconciliation, product placement and pricing, marketing strategies and promotion. I also pioneered the concept of issuing a certificate of purity to customers highlighting product quality, which helped in building trust and goodwill among customers and enhanced brand awareness. My efforts in building consumer trust and propagating the product line earned me the Best Employee Award for three months.

Buoyed by these enriching engagements I am inspired to pursue a master’s in _______________________________. After graduation, I wish to set up a Streetwear fashion brand, including clothing and jewellery. I have always been fascinated by the designs of some of the leading streetwear brands. I am hopeful that my determination and hard work coupled with the knowledge gained from the program will help me in fructifying my vision. I would also like to expand my family business of ____ by adding new products and identifying new markets. After gaining considerable industry experience, I hope to contribute to the ‘Make in India’ campaign by expanding my family business and exporting jewellery to different parts of the world. I also wish to start a venture capital fund with like-minded individuals to facilitate the funding of promising start-ups in India, who have a vision to contribute towards the growth and progress of the society.

My undergrad education strongly fuelled my career interest, as I developed deeper insights into management and marketing through topics like Marketing strategies and Management, Principal of management, Human Resource Management and Business Communications. To broaden my understanding of management, I signed up for courses like Social Media Marketing by Ogilvy on 42courses and Instagram, Facebook, and Snapchat marketing by Digital Marketing Institute on Coursera. These courses helped me understand the nuances of traditional and digital marketing. I even participated in a marketing event called Synchrony in Singapore, where we had to present a start-up idea and describe our marketing pitch, strategies and approaches to________. Additionally, I also attended a seminar by TiE Masterclass on digital marketing, which gave me insights on Consumer marketing and driving engagement, Personalized marketing, and creating engaging content. I also attended a seminar on Marketing by Debbie Stanford, CEO of NOVO cinemas based in Dubai.

Working on projects helped me gain a practical perspective of key marketing concepts. One of the team projects that I worked on involved developing an app : ‘Stranger sports.’ The objective here was to encourage people to play a sport of their choice in event of a lack of partners by helping them in finding suitable partners. As the concept was quite novel and my understanding of app development was limited, I leveraged my understanding of qualitative and quantitative marketing and conducted consumer research to promote the application. My efforts in brand promotion and positioning, and astute research skills helped in conveying the right message to the target audience. Given the lack of dedicated resources, I handled various aspects of brand promotion from budgeting the project cost, finding sponsors, planning expenses to conceptualizing and executing marketing strategies. As we were behind schedule in delivering the project, I conducted frequent brainstorming sessions and motivational talks that pepped up the team to work as a cohesive unit towards a common goal. Finally, through our concerted efforts and my innate ability to promote the concept in the most impactful way, we were able to execute a successful marketing campaign for this sports app. As a result our app received an overwhelming response in form of numerous enquiries from prospective customers thereby earning us the appreciation from the app company.

Subsequently, I worked on a project on ‘Gender Diversity and its Impact on the Growth of Organizations’ with the objective is to identify how gender diversity can improve organizational effectiveness. The project was quite challenging considering the norms that had to be followed while interviewing a woman in the Gulf region. Finally, with my persuasive skills and ability to connect with people I managed to interview a cross section of well placed women to gain their perspective on gender parity. Working in a _________ member team, we used different data analysis methods to drive our research. Finally using Spearman Correlation we were able to highlight factors that hindered women taking on leadership and managerial roles . The project when presented to our seniors and professors was well acclaimed. Working on this project made me realize the importance of establishing people connect and effective communication while marketing.

As a sports enthusiast, I believe that physical development is equally important in attaining intellectual growth and broader outlook towards life. As an astute team player I have represented my university in many Intra college tournaments for various sports as the Sports Head and Football captain for the university SP Jain School of Global Management in 2019-2020 and 2020-2021. I was also a part of the organizing committee for the Techstars Start-up event in Dubai, wherein I solicited sponsors and participants. I also participated in ‘Synchrony’ Singapore, a marketing event wherein I pitched a start-up idea. Apart from being a member of the Model UN team in Singapore for 2018, I have also volunteered for Saraswati Laxmichandji Trust. I assisted the administration in maintaining a log of the daily activities being carried out in constructing a school building for underprivileged kids. My key responsibilities involved reporting on the progress of work done, managing the project deliverables and maintaining the records of the overall construction activities. Given my affable nature, competitive spirit and friendly disposition, I am hopeful of making significant contributions during my time at the university.

As an aspiring management professional, I believe that integrating managerial strategies with business needs and evolving consumer sentiment is the ideal way to further business interests and entrepreneurship. Therefore, I am desirous of pursuing an MS _in management from PACE University, as the program duly aligns with my career aspirations. I look forward to studying subjects such as ____.____ and ____ to gain required entrepreneurial skills, and deeper understanding of the psychological, economic, and social aspects that influence business decisions at the strategic level. I am eager to work under the tutelage of Dr ______, whose research endeavours in the field of ________ have been truly inspirational.

I am confident that my determination, undergraduate experience, and analytical aptitude will help me live up to the rigors of graduate school. I hope the admissions committee will favourably consider my application and grant me a place in the Class of fall 2022.

For more information related to SOP drafting and other queries related to Master’s applications abroad, connect 1-1 with our expert counsellors today!

SOP for Masters in MIS at TAMU

Are you planning to study MS abroad? Then the SOP is a critical document to realize your MS in abroad dreams! Following is a sample SOP for MS in USA particularly, for Masters in MIS at TAMU.

The volume and diversity of data being captured by companies today is staggering. The abundance of data, coupled with the unavailability of powerful data analysis tools, has given rise to a “data rich but information poor” phenomenon. The widening gap between data and information has generated an urgent need for new techniques which will turn these vast amounts of data into “golden nuggets” of knowledge. This realization, spawned from four years of undergraduate studies, has motivated me to work towards becoming a veteran in the field of Information Technology. To this end, I look forward to pursuing a Master in Information Systems Management (MIS) at the Texas A&M University.

A successful Systems Analyst, has a perfect blend of analytical and communication skills, creativity and spirit of teamwork. My undergraduate education at _______, one of the foremost institutes affiliated to Mumbai University, has played a key role in developing these skills. It has given me a comprehensive exposure to courses like Database Management Systems, Data Warehousing, and Mining, Web Engineering, E-Commerce.

My proficiency in languages such as Java, C, C++, and SQL has laid a strong foundation towards achieving my goal. Through various challenging projects, I gained an insight to how the IT industry works. From developing a store management system to a Sports Merchandise portal, I realized that while planning at the outset is essential, teamwork is the means to the successful implementation of a project. These projects involved the application of what was followed in the classroom and gave a hands-on experience with programming languages like PHP, HTML, XML, ASP and MySQL. Courses like ‘Communication Skills’ and ‘Presentation and Communication Techniques’ sharpened my interpersonal skills which I had to employ to successfully implement my projects.

In partial fulfillment of my Bachelor’s degree, I worked on a project that aimed at developing a First Person Shooter game in 3D along with the game engine. In collaboration with two of my colleagues, I accomplished the goals of creating interactive objects using a specially designed 3D modeling software and simulating those using a graphics API such as DirectX 9.0. Implementation of a GUI created using Visual Studio made game integration seamless and efficient. Completing these herculean tasks strengthened my analytical and problem-solving skills. Watching months of hard work materialize in the form of a sophisticated, well-organized game was very satisfying. The most striking feature of this project was the surprisingly short duration of time in which it was completed owing to extreme time constraints. This has not only incorporated in me the ability to work in a flexible way that allows for changes in the needs of the project but also injected in me the organizational skills sufficient to prioritize work and manage time effectively in order to meet impending deadlines without compensating the quality of the output.

My internship at __________was an exhilarating experience. I was part of the team, involved in building the Data warehouse to support the Reporting solutions critical to the Business Operations. For the first two weeks of the internship, I was assigned the task of Quality Assurance testing of the reports developed by the development team. This involved validating the report design against the user requirements document and validating the data displayed in the reports. I was also responsible for monitoring the performance of the implemented BI solutions and communication functional and technical issues. Thereafter as I became acquainted with the processes, I was given the responsibility of developing additional reports, use cases, functional diagrams as well as business flow diagrams. This internship allowed me to gain valuable exposure to the corporate environment and also gave me a chance to apply my classroom knowledge in a real-world setting. It made me realize the importance of building relationships with professionals and also acquire relevant job skills. Moreover, this internship has cemented my desire to pursue a career as a Systems Analyst at the onset and work my way towards finally becoming an independent consultant after specializing in a particular business sector and gaining relevant experience.

The mounting abuse of computers and increasing threat to personal privacy has aroused much interest in the field of Data Security. To protect vital information from getting compromised, a sound security system is of utmost importance for any organization. Thus, to strengthen my foothold on Data Security, I completed a certification course on Information Security Consultancy offered by the highly reputed Network Intelligence of India. This course has provided me the advanced skills needed to secure electronic assets, prevent attacks and build a secure network. It has also given me hands-on training on live projects and a profound knowledge about compliance standards, Computer Forensics, and Cyber Crime Investigations.

Apart from the technical acumen I have gathered over the four years, I have learned equally valuable lessons outside the classroom, participating in extracurricular activities. Presentations, seminars and organizing events gave me a platform to interact with people from varied backgrounds. While I was in the marketing team of the Computer Society of India, I got an opportunity to interact with business professionals and learned how to communicate effectively both orally and in writing. What truly helped mold my character was being elected as the ‘Sports Secretary’ of my college for the year 2010-11. In this capacity, I organized TSEC’s first National Level Sports event. The concept of Cage Soccer, which no other college had seen before, was my brainchild and it received massive participation culminating into a great success. I headed a team of 200 people and was responsible for organizing the team’s composition, structure, and hierarchy. I had to lead the teams through various discussions, one-on-one meetings, and brainstorming sessions. Meticulous planning, communicating with all the team leaders and proper motivation helped in propelling the team forward. We gained record participation from over 100 engineering colleges which is reflective of how successful the event was. This experience has been instrumental in giving me an insight into the realities of planning which includes financial planning, ideating and strong teamwork. Being the Captain of the Soccer Team instilled in me a sense of responsibility and leadership. This responsibility helped me grow as an individual and in the subsequent year, I was bestowed with the prestigious TSEC Leader award, in recognition of my contribution to the college and my well-rounded character. I believe that I can bring this diverse wealth of experiences and set up a strong sporting culture at TAMU by representing the university in athletics and soccer.

In this capricious world of information technology, there is a need to understand how things work and find out a way to manage the related information efficiently and effectively in order to get the most out of it. It is here that the MIS program at Texas A&M University that stands out from the rest. A Masters degree will not only help me accomplish my career goals, but it will also keep me involved in a field I am so keenly interested in. After examining the list of courses at the university, I believe this course is absolutely tailor-made to my interests and my strengths. Also, the wide range of electives would give me the option of customizing my courses to perfectly match my career goals. The campus life also promises to be a very stimulating and enriching environment and it would be a great experience to be a part of such a lively community. I am confident that the education imparted to me at the MIS programme of Texas A&M University will not only help me become a distinguished Systems Analyst but also shape me into a well-balanced individual.

I hope the committee shares my confidence and enthusiasm and renders a favorable reply to my application.

We believe the above sample SOP will help you to overcome the writer’s block. For more information related to SOP drafting and other queries related to Master’s applications abroad, connect 1-1 with our expert counsellors today!

First Draft

Healthcare is a field which has so many research opportunity. In current world every process is going more fast and accurate with the help of technology. My dream is to apply same technology in medical for better innovation For example how artificial intelligence and machine learning help in diagnosis disease.

PROJECT 1
I along with my team am currently developing a NIVARAN (Non Invasive VitAl sign Respiratory ANalyzer) that works on the principle of biomechanics, signal processing. The aim of this system is to diagnosis the COVID19, provide fast, cost effective diagnosis and noninvasively. For example, the system would measure vital signs of body such as Lung pressure, breathing rate, Oxygen saturation, Temperature and suggest stage of COVID19 depending on the graphs and measure data. This system could also diagnosis COPD patient by measuring and displaying the real time graph of lung pressure. The biggest challenge we faced during the implementation of this project was to accurately detect COVID19 as its symptoms are not that much known that time. Apart from that design device such that test will become cost effective and no chance of contamination for other patient. Which sometimes led to ambiguity. Our aim is to have higher accuracy and less time consuming method to classify primary symptomatic patient for COVID19. Another aim is to provide rapid diagnosis. Device take hardly 4 to 5 minutes to classify person’s symptoms. We are using a machine learning algorithm to classify the symptoms. We use K means clustering for each symptoms to classify more accurately. Our system is being coded in python and we use Scikit-learn, keras, PyTorch, PyQT. This project has also been patented in an Indian Patent Office. Patent was publish on June 6th 2021, patent ID IN202021017788. We presented this device in international hackathon “Hack the crisis India”, Team got “6th rank” among 3000 team application and 15000+ students. Idea funded by the Student Startup Innovation Policy (SSIP), grant of $2100. Team got appreciation award from Alma mater for remarkable work in Lockdown. Nivaran Team also selected in TOP 30 teams in the “SAMADHAN India” Hackathon organise by the Ministry of Human Resources development. As team leader I was fortunate to present my team in all competition.

PROJECT 2
I and my team develop PRAN (Protective Respiratory Auxiliary Node) device to provide oxygen therapy to COVID patient and restore patient’s breathing cycle. Device measure the breathing and regulate the pressure from system. The system was built using Processor, Air compressor, Solenoid valve. Moreover, System also measures the SpO2, Breathing, lung pressure and exaltation of CO2. PRAN project was developed by the combine efforts of Industry and Biomedical department of L.D college of engineering. It provides me grate exposure to work in industry. Moreover, Industry provided work space and financial support of $1830 provided by college’s “Atal incubation centre” for prototype development. Patent published by Indian patent office

PROJECT 3
Apart from Project, I also develop algorithm to Enhancing Radiographic Dental Image Visualisation with Colourisation and Graphical User Interface. Algorithm was built using MATLAB, morphological operation and Pseudo colouring. Under the supervision of professor I develop an algorithm. By working on this project I learn medical processing, gray scale images, MATLAB and work with standardise datasets. These algorithm not only provide easiness to understand the complex gray scale image but these also provide smooth user interface for physician. These project is presented in Gujarat Industrial Hackathon. We publish This project as a research paper in “Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress Journal”

PROJECT 4
For my final year project titled eDRA (early Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis), I headed a group of two members and worked under Assistant professor Bhavesh H Parmar. The project aimed to find ways of improvising on existing painful, time consuming and costly diagnosis method. For this, I got accustomed to working on concept and software like thermal signal processing, Biomechanics, Human anatomy and Python and used them to create a device. We analysis thermal data capture from the joint and feed them in algorithm for classification. On the basis of this analysis, device predicts stage of Arthritis. Further, we develop device mechanism in manner that it can compatible for all kind of joint. This project helped me improve my skill in biomechanics, signal processing and to achieve project grant of $700 for device development from Student Start up Innovation (SSIP) and manage to file and publish the patent.

I did an internship in Columbia Asia hospital as Biomedical engineer intern. Initially, for the first ten days we observe medical devices and senior engineer at hospital. But after that I had responsibility to check the device and report breakdown if any, calibration of medical devices. Apart from this I also fortunate to work in O. T (Operation Theater) as a biomedical engineer where we have to maintain all O. T Instrument and manage the breakdown if it occurs during the surgery.I attend two surgeries first one was bariatric surgery and the second one was angioplasty.

After My graduation in August 2020, me and my team file final patents for all three projects and submit the first examination report of one projects.

I work as Research advisor at brainaic healthcare Pvt Ltd. Brainaic healthcare is startup which provide healthcare solutions and help company to conduct research in medical devices. I mentor the company’s research team in order to better accuracy, cost effective way and clinical approval of the medical device. My role at Brainaic is to assist in the implementation of products and lead team to development of device.
Company develop the patient CO2 monitor machine, device is little futuristic because it not only the detect the current status of exhalation of CO2 but also predict for the future reading using the “Temporal Deep Learning” algorithm. If any prediction will below or high from threshold reading, device perform alarm. As my experience of Artificial Intelligence in medicine devices am leading the team.

My short-term goal is to pursue PhD in medical image processing or in medical device innovation. Where I can combine medical imaging process to Artificial Intelligence.My long-term goal is to lead medical device research to cost effective and more easy to access. After gaining considerable industry experience I would like to work as a Research and Develop head with leading companies in the medical devices manufacture. I love to solve the challenge of ensuring fast, cost effective and strengthen medical device industry.

My excellent academic record enabled me to secure admission in the Biomedical Engineering undergraduate department at L.D College of engineering. L. D College of engineering is five star college and top rank government funded college in state gujarat.The comprehensive syllabus with subjects like Human anatomy and physiology, advance engineering mathematics, Control System and Analysis, Biosensors and transducer strengthened my basic concepts related to medical image processing, diagnosis instrument, Therapeutic Techniques & Instrumentation, Virtual Biomedical Instrumentation, Biomedical Image Processing. My penchant for optimization led me to choose rehabilitation engineering as an elective subject, where I studied assistive technology, rehabilitation devices and design device which help person to be socially active. My interest in Medical image processing and artificial intelligence lead me to online course such as Programming for everybody (University of Michigan) Coursera, Sequences, Time Series and Prediction (DeepLearning.ai) Coursera, Introduction to Tensor Flow for Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning (DeepLearning.ai) Coursera, Deep Learning for Business (Yonsei University) Coursera. These courses help me to pursue my interest in Artificial Intelligence and use this technology in medical devices.

I also wrote a review paper in which me and guide professor review all latest assistive devices for blind based on machine learning and A.I Published in Taylor and Francis journal.

I secured 3rd rank in Bachelor of Engineering, Biomedical and 1st rank in last semester. I also qualify GATE Biomedical 2021 (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) with All India Rank 108. Simultaneously, I join FindMyTest eLearning platform. I am Biomedical branch specialist at FindMyTest. I am managing the biomedical team to develop a test series for GATE exam and help the company develop quality questions. A part from this, I also have YouTube channel in which I’m teaching medical image processing, Deep Learning in healthcare and theory as well as practical.

Awarded speaker for the “Special Moment” in IMUN (International Model United Nations) 2021 conference at United Nations. Delegate of Bangladesh at IMUN (International Model United Nations) United nation 2021. I was a delegate of Bangladesh country and organisation was UN Women. I gave a speech on the “Ensuring gender equality by alleviating discrimination against women” and also presented the solutions for UN for upcoming years.They awarded me as “Special Mention” Speaker. I have been accepted as a delegate of Harvard Project for Asian and International Relations 2021 (HPAIR). HPAIR is an internationally recognized student organization at Harvard University, offering a forum of exchange to facilitate discussion of the most important economic, political, social and healthcare issues relevant to the Asia-Pacific region. I did volunteering work in Village visit NSS (National Service Scheme). In which volunteers made the toilets in villages which empower the “Swachh Bharat Mission”. I and team leave in the village for 2-3 days. (First Year)

I am confident that my strong determination and passionate about medical devices will aid me excel in graduate school and beyond.I bring together a firm grasp of theoretical concepts of medical image processing, diagnosis and rehabilitation engineering. I also bring together professional experience and a passionate student who want to encounter real world healthcare problems.

Final Draft

It was truly a moment of great glory for our team, when we presented our ambitious project, NIVARAN (Non-Invasive VitAl sign Respiratory ANalyzer), on the Sandesh news channel. We not only earned our college’s appreciation award for remarkable work during the lockdown and got selected in the top 30 teams for the “SAMADHAN India” Hackathon, organized by the Ministry of Human Resources Development, but also gained immense satisfaction in contributing to a noble cause. Moreover, we presented this device in the prestigious international hackathon, “Hack the crisis India”, achieving the sixth rank amongst 3000 applications and 15000+ students.

Our system aimed to diagnose COVID-19 in a fast and cost-effective manner. It would assess vital body signs such as Lung pressure, breathing rate, Oxygen saturation, Body temperature, and then suggest the COVID-19 stage, based upon graphs and the measured data. Additionally, it detected COVID-19 patients by measuring and displaying the lung pressure’s real-time graph. Our primary goal was to achieve higher accuracy and a quicker method to classify primary symptomatic COVID-19 patients. The device we created took less than five minutes to classify a person’s symptoms. We used a machine-learning algorithm to classify the symptoms and K-means clustering for accurate results. Our system is coded in python and we used Scikit-learn, Keras, and PyTorch. This project is now patented (Patent ID IN202021017788, published on June 6th, 2021) in the Indian Patent Office.

Concurrently along with NIVARAN, I also worked on another purposive project, titled PRAN (Protective Respiratory Auxiliary Node), which was a device to provide oxygen therapy to COVID-19 patients to restore their breathing cycle. The appliance measures the breathing rate and regulates the pressure. Moreover, it also measures the SpO2, breathing, lung pressure, and exaltation of CO2. Developed with combined efforts of our college’s biomedical department and Keepsake engineering Pvt. Ltd., this system was built using a Processor, Air compressor, and Solenoid valves. It was an extraordinary industry exposure for me, and it also bestowed an industry-provided workspace with the financial support of $1830 to the college’s “SSIP incubation centre” for the development of a prototype. We also had this project patented (Patent ID IN202021019725, published on May 21st, 2021).

Although the two projects mentioned above form the highlight of my work in the biomedical engineering realm so far, I have also worked on other remarkable projects previously. One was developing an algorithm to Enhancing Radiographic Dental Image Visualisation with Colourisation and Graphical User Interface. The algorithm was built using MATLAB, morphological operation, and Pseudo colouring. This project was a valuable learning experience, where I grasped nuances of medical processing, grayscale images, MATLAB, and worked with standardized datasets. These algorithms make the complex grayscale image’s comprehension much easier and provide the physician with a smooth user interface. We presented this venture at Gujarat Industrial Hackathon and published it as a research paper in the “Journal of Image Processing & Pattern Recognition Progress Journal.” Additionally, I also wrote a review paper under a professor’s guidance, Published in Taylor and Francis publication, where we reviewed the latest assistive devices for the blind, based upon machine learning and A.I.

My final year project titled eDRA (early Diagnosis of Rheumatoid Arthritis), was yet another learning experience. I lead a two-member group under Assistant professor Bhavesh H Parmar’s guidance, to explore improvisations on existing painful, time-consuming, and costly arthritis diagnosing methods. I familiarized myself working with concepts and software like thermal signal processing, Biomechanics, Human anatomy, and Python, and used them to create a device. We analyzed sensor captured thermal data from the joints and fed that data into the algorithm for classification. Based on this analysis, the device successfully predicted Arthritis’ current stage. We further developed the device mechanism, making it compatible with all joints in the human body. My key takeaways from this project were that I improved my skills in biomechanics and signal processing. We also patented this venture, with Patent ID IN 202021021772, published on August 13th, 2021.

I am currently working as Research Advisor at Brainiac Healthcare Pvt Ltd., a start-up providing healthcare solutions, and helping companies to research medical devices. Here, I mentor the company’s research team on achieving better accuracy, cost-effective ways, and assist in the products’ implementation. We are currently developing the patient CO2 monitor machine. It is a futuristic device that detects the CO2 exhalation status and predicts its future reading using the “Temporal Deep Learning” algorithm. The device alerts the user on any deviation from the threshold reading. Furthermore, I have joined the FindMyTest e-Learning platform, where I am a biomedical branch specialist, managing the biomedical team to develop a test series for GATE exams and helping the company form quality questions.

My undergraduate education has been the key to my success in all the above endeavours. The comprehensive syllabus with subjects like Human anatomy and physiology, advanced engineering mathematics, Control systems and Analysis, Biosensors, and transducer strengthened my basic concepts related to medical image processing, diagnosis instrument, Therapeutic Techniques & Instrumentation, Virtual Biomedical Instrumentation, and Biomedical Image Processing. My penchant for optimization led me to choose rehabilitation engineering as an elective subject, where I studied assistive technology, rehabilitation devices, and design devices that help a person to be socially active. My interest in medical image processing and artificial intelligence led me to take online courses like Programming for everybody (University of Michigan), Sequences, Time Series and Prediction (DeepLearning.ai), Introduction to TensorFlow for Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, and Deep Learning (DeepLearning.ai) on Coursera. These courses have helped me improve my Artificial Intelligence knowledge and utilize this technology in medical devices.

Extra-curricular activities have served as means to broaden my horizons beyond academics. I was chosen as a delegate in IMUN (International Model United Nations) 2021 conference at United Nations, where I delivered a speech on “Ensuring gender equality by alleviating discrimination against women”, and also received an award as “Special Moment” speaker. I am also a delegate at the Harvard Project for Asian and International Relations 2021 (HPAIR). Here, I exchange views on economic, healthcare issues relevant to the Asia-Pacific region with students worldwide.

Going forward, I want to pursue my Master’s degree to upgrade my knowledge in the Biomedical Engineering sphere. My immediate goal after completing my Master’s is to pursue a Ph.D. in medical image processing or in medical device innovation, where I can combine the medical imaging process with Artificial Intelligence. My long-term goal is to lead medical device research with respect to cost-effectiveness and accessibility. After gaining considerable industry experience, I wish to work as a Research and Development head with leading companies in medical devices manufacturing.

My inclination towards the Master’s program at Northeastern University stems from the strong and progressive curriculum, and ample research opportunities provided by this top-drawer institution, renowned for its facilities and state-of-the-art infrastructure. Given my goal to become a proficient and accomplished researcher in biomedicals, I strongly believe that the blended curriculum here, will provide the ideal springboard to achieve my career goals. I am particularly inspired by the work of Dr. Qianqian Fang in Bioimaging; it would be an honor to work with him. Besides, I look forward to actively participating in the affiliated clubs and associations’ activities, which would present a diverse and stimulating environment to help me grow scholastically and individually.

I bring to the table a firm grasp of theoretical concepts of medical image processing, diagnosis, and rehabilitation engineering and a wide range of relevant hands-on experiences. I am confident that my strong determination and passion for medical devices will aid me to excel in graduate school and beyond. I hope the Admissions Committee finds me a suitable fit for the course, and I eagerly look forward to being a part of the Spring 2022 intake.

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Following is a sample LOR for CS (CMU)

Dear Graduate School Admission Office Management
It is my pleasure to write this letter in support of ________. ________ is one of the most creative, intelligent and capable individuals I have had the good fortune to work with and know. I have no hesitation in enthusiastically recommending ________ for the Master’s program in Computer Science. I am convinced that she would excel in this program and be a true asset to your University.

I have known ________ for the past 2 years. I was her Supervisor for two summer internships at our branch office in India. ________ was recruited on the basis of her excellent academic record and the results of a general aptitude test followed by personal interview sessions. ________ impresses me in a number of areas and it is her combination of technical skills, talents, drive, and desire that convince me that she will be successful in the Masters Program.

To start, she is extremely creative and articulate and one of the most intelligent individuals I have ever worked with. She is a very quick learner, has excellent research skills, and has the ability to focus intensely on demanding tasks.

________ worked in our testing group chartered with automating all phases of Voice Over IP Telephony systems testing. She was very creative in developing an automated solution for analog signal testing of IP PBX systems. It was ________ determination and persistence that enabled reduction in test time per unit by 50% by removing all manual testing aspects and adding automated report generation. ________ had the ability to relate to each group and tailor her communication style to each groups’ needs. ________ was very instrumental in working with the Engineering group to design a real-time trunk monitoring tool using Visual C++. It was ________’s initiative and desire that enabled us to develop one-touch comprehensive regression testing solution. ________ is a wonderful and talented technologist and her ability to translate abstract ideas into meaningful system components was truly invaluable.

Early on I was very impressed with ________’s knowledge of system architecture and technical understanding of IP networking. ________ recognized the need and responsibility to design and build automated testing solution that replaced broken and unreliable testing sequences. ________’s creativity, technical abilities and commitment to implement the best possible solution enabled her to achieve significant results within short time.

________ clearly has the skills and talents necessary to succeed in this Masters program, but I think it’s her genuine interest in and passion for computer science and desire to improve human life with software applications that will enable her to excel. ________ has always impressed me with her recognition of the need for and her desire to design computer applications of the next generation.
Again, I have no doubts that ________ will excel in Masters programs in Computer Science and recommend her highly. I think she will make a great contribution to your school and I’m very much looking forward to seeing and experiencing the contributions she will make in the field of Computer Science. Please feel free to contact me if you have any questions regarding this recommendation.

Sincerely,
Mr._____
Director of Software Development
_________ Company

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Following is a sample letter of recommendation for MS in CS at Virginia Tech

To Whom It May Concern:

I am pleased to recommend Mr._______ _______ for an MS in Computer Science at your esteemed university. He has been my student for the past four semesters and I have taught him Data Structures, Analysis of Algorithms, Computer Networks and Computer Graphics. He definitely is a fine student, in terms of aptitude, hard work and motivation.

An intelligent, sincere and conscientious student, Mr._______ _______ has maintained a good academic record in my courses. He has been among the few students who completed their assignments before time with optimal results. His performance can be attributed to his clear concepts and strong fundamentals, which have always enabled him to grasp new ideas and topics with relative ease.

Data Structures and Sorting and Searching are important tools which form the foundation of programming languages and he handled these concepts quite well. Mr._______ _______ comes up with innovative ways of applying his concepts as he did while doing a project in third year based on Distributed Computing.

Mr._______ _______ has also been an extremely active component of the technical scene in college. He was part of the team that created a software for ‘Solving a system of Linear Equations—A Distributed Approach’ using C++. He has also participated in Coding competitions in the annual CSI technical festival of DJ Sanghvi College of engineering where he was placed second. He also represented our college in a Technical Quiz Competition held at Vidyavardhini College of Engineering and was placed first making our college proud. Besides organizing various events he has been active on the sports front winning a second place in Table Tennis held at K.J Somaya College of Engineering.

Although he fell seriously ill in the second year of his undergraduate studies, he worked really hard and cleared all oral and written examinations. His will and determination was clearly reflected by his ability to attend the exams even though he was suffering from excruciating back pain. In fact ,I will always remember that he appeared for the exams with a strap-on belt that supported his back. Such commitment, I feel, will help him surpass all expectations set forth by your institution for an incoming student.

Always an independent thinker seeking to learn more, he has shown great promise by venturing beyond the scope of the subject syllabi. He keeps himself abreast with the latest developments and goes through various technical literature which was evident from the technical discussions and interviews that I have had with him. His leadership qualities are extremely impressive, having founded and single-handedly managed a technical festival event, Mock GRE/CAT, which spanned two days and met with profuse student enthusiasm and appreciation.

A student who believes in performing to the best of his ability, Mr._______ _______ will work very hard towards the fulfillment of any responsibility that he undertakes. His zest to constantly be on the learning path and his time-management abilities will surely take him a long way. I strongly recommend him for admission to your college for graduate studies.

Regards,
Mr.______
Professor
College Name

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